Other
Psychodynamic Theorists
There
are many forms of psychodynamic theory, beyond those discussed
above. Some, described as neo-Freudians, retained many of the
concepts proposed by Freud. Among these are the "ego psychology"
school pioneered by Freud's daughter Anna, which focusses on the
strategies used to preserve the ego, especially defense mechanisms.
The "object relations" school (emphasizing the importance
of relationships, especially to the mother in early childhood)
includes a number of theorists, including Melanie Klein, Donald
Winicott, and John Bowlby. Other psychodynamic theorists diverged
significantly from the Freudian tradition--even some who were
trained originally in psychoanalysis, like Karen Horney, Erik
Erikson (a student of Anna Freud), and Erich Fromm (who, while
often described as a neo-Freudian, is actually closer to the humanists
than to traditional Freudian theory). It is impossible to address
all of the variants here, either historical or contemporary, but
the following links can provide a starting point if seeking information
on a specific theorist.
Resource:
http://www.ryerson.ca/~glassman/psychdyn.html
References
Benjamin,
L. T., Jr., & Dixon, D. N. (1996) Dream analysis by mail:
an American woman seeks Freud's advice, American Psychologist,
51, 461-468.
Freud,
S. (1900) The Interpretation of Dreams. Reprinted as Vol. 6 of
Strachey, J. (Ed.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Pschological
Works of Sigmund Freud. London: Hogarth Press, 1960.
Publications Related to the Psychodynamic Approach
Free Associations: Psychoanalysis and the Public Sphere--On-line
journal edited by Robert M. Young of Sheffield University.
International
Journal of Psychoanalysis--Provides effective search tools, with
some on-line content and access to contents pages in archive.
Journal
of the American Psychoanalytic Association--Provides archive of
contents pages, but not full texts. |
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